Sass is a great tool for organising and creating CSS files, but when compiling down to a single file it can become difficult to find out which file you need to edit.
Before:

After:

Sass source maps
To view the correct file and linenumber in devtools, you need to enable source maps in Chrome and in Sass. This requires Sass 3.3+, so check you have the correct version:
$ sass -v               # shows version of sass currently installed
$ gem install sass      # install a newer version if needed
You now need to update your Sass configuration to generate source maps along with the CSS files. I use Grunt and grunt-contrib-sass to compile my Sass files, so I updated my gruntfile.js with the following:
sass: {
        dev: {
            options: {
                lineNumbers: true,
                style: 'expanded',
                // this is the key bit!
                sourcemap: true
            },
            files: {
                // your output:input files
                './static.css': 'sass/main.scss'
            }
       }
}
Enable in Chrome
The next step is to enable source maps in Chrome. Go to http://about:flags and make sure 'Enable Developer Tools' is enabled:
 
A button marked 'restart' will appear at the bottom of the screen if you change anything, so click it to restart Chrome. Next, open dev tools by pressing F12 (or right-click > Inspect Element) and open the settings panel by clicking the gear icon in the top-right corner. Under the 'General' tab, make sure 'Enable CSS Source maps' is ticked:
 
Hey presto! You should now be able to view the original file name and line number in dev tools, making finding the correct place to edit much easier!